Certain thiolophosphonamides as insecticides and acaricides

ABSTRACT

COMPOUNDS OF THE FORMULA   R-P(=X)(-S-R1)-NH-R3   IN WHICH R IS AN ALKYL GROUP AND R1 IS AN ALKYL, ALKENYL OR ALKYNYL GROUP, X IS OXYGEN OR SULFUR, AND R3 IS HYDROGEN ALKYL OR ALKENYL AS INSECTICIDES AND ACARICIDES.

United States Patent 3,636,206 CERTAIN THIOLOPHOSPHONAMIDES AS INSECTI- CIDES AND ACARICIDES Edmund J. Gaughan, Kensington, Calif., assignor to Stautfer Chemical Company, New York, N.Y. No Drawing. Filed Aug. 16, 1968, Ser. No. 753,050 Int. Cl. A01n 9/ 36 U.S. Cl. 424-219 20 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Compounds of the formula I -NHR IRA-S in which R is an alkyl group and R is an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group, X is oxygen or sulfur, and R is hydrO- gen alkyl or alkenyl as insecticides and acaricides.

This invention relates to the use of certain novel chemical compounds as insecticides and acaricides, more particularly the chemical compounds are certain thiolophosphonamides.

The compounds of the present invention that are useful as insecticides and acaricides are those having the formula P-NHR li -S in which R is an alkyl group preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and the group R CH in which R is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl, preferably having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and alkynyl, referably having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms, X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur, preferably oxygen, and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkenyl, preferably having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

The compounds having the formula in which R, R and R are as defined can be prepared by the following reactions:

in which R, R and R are as previously defined and R is a lower alkyl group preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Preferably, reaction Number 1 is carried out in a solvent with stirring by passing 2 moles of ammonia of the primary amine, or a slight excess thereof, into a mole. of the phosphonochlorido thioate at a temperature of about 10 to C. The intermediate reaction product can be recovered by removing the ammonium chloride or substituted ammonium chloride precipiate by filtration and the solvent by vacuum at temperature up to about 65 C.

Preferably, reaction Number 2 is carried out by refluxing the thiophosphonamide, obtained from reaction Number 1 or from another source, with the stated iodide compound for several hours. The thiolophosphonamides of ice this invention can be recovered from the reaction mixture and purified by conventional means.

The compounds having the formula \IINHR3 in which R, R and R are as defined can be prepared by the following reactions:

in which R, R and R are as previously defined.

Preferably reaction Number 1 is carried out using one mole. of the disulfide dimer compound with 4 moles or more of ammonia or the primary amine. The reaction is conveniently carried out by forming a suspension of the disulfide dimer compound in toluene and then adding the suspension to liquid ammonia or primary amine with stirring. After stirring for about 30 minutes, and upon evaporation of the liquid, a solid is obtained. Y

Preferably in reaction Number 2, the solid obtained from reaction Number 1 is dissolved or suspended in Water and then the indicated iodide compound is added and the mixture stirred for about an hour at a temperature of about 35-40 C. The product is recovered by conventional technique, such as extraction of product with ether, then evaporation of the ether.

Preparation of the compounds of this invention is illustrated 'by the following examples.

EXAMPLE I O,P-diethylthiophosphonamide O-ethyl ethyl phosphonochlorido thioate (17.3 g., 0.1 mole) was dissolved in ml. of toluene and ammonia (approx. 4.3 g., approx. 0.25 mole.) passed in at l0l5 with stirring. A precipitate of ammonium chloride appeared. The mixture was filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo up to 65. The residual oil weighed 12.7 g. (81%). Its IR spectrum showed bonds characteristic of NH and P-OC bonds n 1.5056.

EXAMPLE II P-ethyl-S-methylthiolophosphonarnide The above thiophosphonamide (12.7 g., 0.081 mole.) and methyl iodide (13.5 ml. 0.22 mole) were refluxed for five hours. Some solid formed which was removed by filtration. The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo up to 60 and the viscous residue taken up in a mixture of 50 ml. of methylene chloride and 14 ml. of hexane. No further solid was precipitated, so the solvent Was removed in vacuo up to 60. The product, a viscous oil, showed a band at 1175 cm. (strong) attributable to hydrogen bonded P'O bond. A strong hydrogen-bonded NH band was also present. n 1.5507 Yield: 10.5 g. (82.7%).

EXAMPLE III P,S-diethylthiolophosphonamide The thiophosphonamide of Example I (22.3 g., .146 mole) and ethyl iodide (60. lg., .39 mole) were stirred and heated to 7075 (bath temperature) for five hours. The ethyl iodide was removed in vacuo and the residue taken up in a mixture of ml. of methylene chloride and 25 1111. of hexane. No solid formed and the solvents were evaporated in vacuo. The residue Was pumped out at .8 mm. up to 50. It crystallized upon standing and was recrystallized from cyclohexane containing a little benzene. M.P. 44-465". Yield: 16.7 g. The IR spectrum showed the expected bonds.

AnaIysis.-Calculated for C H NOPS (percent): C, 31.37; H, 7.84; N, 9.15. Found (percent): C, 30.75; H, 7.72; N, 8.60.

EXAMPLE IV P-ethyl-S-n-propylthiolophosphonamide The thiophosphonamide of Example -I (22.2 g., .145 mole) and n-propyl iodide (59.5 g., .35 mole) were warmed at 80 (bath temperature) for eight hours. Excess iodide was removed in vacuo and the residue taken up in 112 ml. of methylene chloride and 28 ml. of hexane. No solid appeared and the solvents were evaporated in vacuo. The product was recrystallized from benzene-cyclohexane. M.P. 44-49". Yield: 18.4 g. (82.9%). The expected bonds were present in the IR spectrum.

Analysis.Calculated for C H NOPS (percent): C, 35.93; H, 8.38. Found (percent): C, 35.47; H, 8.11.

EXAMPLE V S-methyl ethylphosphonamidodithioate Eli-P in toluene is added to liquid ammonia slowly with stirring. The reaction is exothermic. After the addition is completed, the mixture is stirred thoroughly. A white solid forms having the structure,

S Nlh at a yield of 12.2 grams. The IR corresponds to the antic ipated structure.

Next the solid product obtained is stirred with 100 ml. H O to partially dissolve it. 13.5 grams of methyl iodide is added, and the mixture is stirred for about 1 hour at 3540 C. The mixture is cooled and the product extracted with ether and the ether thereafter removed by evaporation.

An oil product A suspension of is obtained at a yield of 6.2 grams rz 1.6120. IR corresponds to the anticipated structure.

EXAMPLE VI =P-ethyl-S-methylN-allylthiolophosphonamide O-ethyl ethylphosphonochloridothioate (8.6 g., .05 mole) is dissolved in 40 ml. of benzene and a solution of allyl amine (6.3 g., .11 mole) in ml. of benzene is added at 1015. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and at 5560 for 1 hour. The amine hydrochloride is filtered oif and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo after washing with ice water and drying over magnesium sulfate. A yield of 9.5 g. (99%) O,P-diethyl-N- allylthiophosphonamide 11 1.4984 is realized. The O,P- diethyl-N-allylthiophosphonamide product (9.5 g., 0.049 moles) is mixed with methyl iodide (24.6 g., .173 moles) and refluxed for 5 hours. The excess methyl iodide is removed in vacuo and the residue is taken up in a mixture of ml. of. methylene dichloride and 10 ml. of hexane and filtered. Removal of the solvent left 8.2 g. (94%) of product 11 1.5149. The IR spectrum showed the expected bands.

The following is a table of certain selected compounds that are preparable according to the procedure described hereto. Compound numbers are assigned to each compound and are used throughout the remainder of the application.

TABLE I PNI'IR Compound number R R1 X R 0 H. O H. O H. O H. O H. 0 H. O H. O H. C O H. CH3 CH:CHECH2 O H. CH :CCH2CH2.- O H. CH C-CHz. O H. CH3CECCH2- O H. do Methyl S H. 15".. Butyl... Allyl S Methyl 16 Ethyl..- Methyl O n Propyl d .do.. 0 Methyl O Allyl. 0 Vinyl Prepared in Example 11. Prepared in Example HI. Prepared in Example IV. Prepared in Example V. Prepared in Example VI.

The following tests illustrate utility of the compounds as insecticides and acaricides.

Insecticidal evaluation tests The following insect species were used in evaluation tests for insecticidal activity:

(I) Housefiy (HF)Musca domestica (Linn) (2) German roach (GR)--Blatella germanica (Linn) (3) Milkweed bug (MWB)-Onc0peltus fasciatus (Dallas) (4) Lygus bug (LB)Lygus lzesperus (Knight) (5) Bean aphid (BA)Aphis fabae (Scop.)

The Housefiy (HF) was used in evaluation tests of selected compounds as insecticides by the following procedure. A stock solution containing pgJml. of the toxicant in an appropriate solvent was prepared. Aliquots of this solution were combined with 1 milliliter of an acetone-peanut oil solution in a glass Petri dish and allowed to dry. The aliquots were there to achieve desired toxicant concentration ranging from 100 g. per Petri dish to that at which 50% mortality was attained. The Petri dishes were placed in a circular cardboard cage, closed on the bottom with cellophane and covered on top with cloth netting. Twenty-five female housefiies, three to five days old, were introduced into the cage and the percent mortality was recorded after 48 hours. The LD-50 values are expressed in terms of Ug. per 25 female flies. The results of this insecticidal evaluation test are given in Table II under HF.

In the German cockroach (GR) and Milkweed Bug (MWB) tests, 10 one-month old nymphs of the German cockroach (GR), and two-week old nymphs of Milkweed bug (MWB) were placed in separate circular cardboard cages sealed on one end with cellophane and covered by a cloth netting on the other. Aliquots of the toxicants, dissolved in an appropriate solvent, were diluted in water containing 0.002% of a wetting agent, Sponto 221(a polyoxyether of alkylated phenols blended with organic sulfonates). Test concentrations ranged from 0.1% downward to that at which 50% mortality was obtained. Each of the aqueous suspensions of the candidate compounds were sprayed onto the insects through the cloth netting by means of a hand spray gun. Percent mortality in each case recorded after 72 hours, and the LD-SO values expressed as percent of toxicant in the aqueous spray was recorded. These values are reported under the columns GR and MWB" in Table II.

The Lygus bug (LB) Lygus hesperus was tested similarly as the German cockroach and milkweed bug, except ten to twenty-five insects were used per cage. The caged insects were sprayed with the candidate compounds at concentrations ranging from 0.05% downward to that at which 50% mortality was obtained. After twenty-four and seventy-two hours, counts were made to determine living candidate compound. Immediately after planting in the and dead insects. The LD50 (percent) values Were calcutreated soil the plants were infested with the aphids. Conlated. These values are reported under the column LB in centrations of toxicant in the soil ranged from 10 p.p.m. T bl 11, per pound of soil downward until an LD-SO value was The insect species black bean aphid (BA) Aphz's fabae obtained. Mortality was recorded after 72 hours. (Scop.)was also employed in the test for insecticidal The Percentage of kin of each test Species s deteractivity. Young nasturtium (Tropaeolum sp.) plants, apmined by comparison with control plants placed in disproximately 2 to 3 inches tall, were used a the ho t tilled water or untreated soil. The LD-SO values were l t f th b aphid Th ho t plant was i f t d calculated. These systemic test results are reported in with approximately 50-75 of the aphids. The test chemi- T e 11 under fi ns BA-8Y5 and ZSM-sys.

TABLE II.LD50 VALUES 2 SM Compound HF, on, MWB, LB, BA, BA-sys., PE, Egg Sys number Ug. percent p r Percent percen p.p.m. percent percent p.p.m.

0.7 .03 .03 .005 .003 0.8 .003 .03 1.5 0. 3 03 .03 .003 .008 0. 3 .001 .03 o, 5 1 08 03 .003 .003 0. 3 .001 03 0.8 1 .1 .03 .005 .003 0.3 0008 .003 0.3 0.5 .03 .03 .03 .001 0.4 .001 .01 3.0 a .05 .08 .03 .008 3 .01 .05 3 .1 .1 .05 .05 .03 .03 s 70 .1 .1 .05 .05 .005 .03 3 30 .1 .1 .05 .05 .05 .05

=not tested.

cal was dissolved in acetone, added to water which con- As those in the art are well aware, various techniques tamed a Small amount of sponio 22160, an emulsifying are available for incorporating the active component or agent. The solution was applied as a spray to the infested toxicant in suitable pesticidal compositions. Thus, the plants. Concentrations ranged from 0.05 percent downpestlcldal compositions can be conveniently prepared in ward until an LD value was achieved. These results are the form of liquids or solids, the latter preferably as given i11 Table [I under the column BA, gomoigeneous tfree-flowing dusts commonly formulated y a mixing e active component with finel divided Acaflcldal evaluatlon test solids or carriers as exemplified by talc, natu r al clays, The two-spotted mite (28M), Tetranychus urticae diatomaceous earth, various flours such as walnut shell, (Koch), was employed in tests for miticides. Young pinto wheat, soya bean, cottonseed and so forth. bean plants or lima bean plants (Phaseolus sp.) in the Liquid compositions are also useful and normally comprimary leaf stage were used as the host plants. The young prise a dispersion of the toxicant in a liquid media, alpinto bean plants were infested with about 100 mites of though it may be convenient to dissolve the toxicant various ages. Dispersions of candidate materials were directly in a solvent such as kerosene, fuel oil, xylene, prepared by dissolving 0.1 gram in 10 ml. of a suitable alkylated naphthalenes or the like and use such organic solvent, usually acetone. Aliquots of the toxicant solutions solutions directly. However, the more common procedure were suspended in water containing 0.002% v./v. Sponto is to employ dispersions of the toxicant in 'an aqueous 221, polyoxy-ethylene ether sorbitan monolaurate, an media and such compositions may be produced by formemulsifying agent, the amount of water being sufficient to ing a concentrated solution of the toxicant in a suitable give concentrations of active ingredient ranging from organic solvent followed by dispersion in water, usually 0.05% to that at which 50% mortality was obtained. The With the aid of surface active agents. The latter, which test suspensions were then sprayed on the infested plants may be the anionic, cationic or nonionic types, are exto the point of run off. After seven days, mortalities of emplified by sodium stearate, potassium oleate and other postembryonic and ovicidal forms were determined. The alkaline metal soaps and detergents such as sodium lauryl percentage of kill was determined by comparison with sulfate, sodium naphthelene sulfonate, sodium alkyl naphcontrol plants which had been sprayed with the candidate alene sulfonate, methyl cellulose, fatty alcohol ethers, compounds. The LD-50 value was calculated using wellpolyglycol fatty acid esters and other polyoxyethylene known procedures. These values are reported under the surface active agents. The proportion of these agents comcolumns ZSM-PE and ZSM-Eggs in Table II. monly comprises 115% by weight of the pesticidal comsystemic evaluation test positions although the proportion is not critical and may e varied to suit any particular situation. This test evaluates the root absorption and upward I l i translocation of the candidate systemic compound. The 1, Th th d f t lli id comprising two-Spotted mite Tefmcyshllsllrliwe plying thereto an acardicidally effective amount of a the bean aphid (BA), Aphis fabae (Scop.) were employed compound of th formula in the test for systemic activity. R X

Young pinto bean plants in the primary leaf stage \II were used as host plants for the two-spotted mite. The P NHR3 pinto bean plants were placed in bottles containing 200 ml. Il -S of the test solution and held in place with cotton plugs. in which R is aikyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R1 Only the roots were immersed. The test solutions were i a member l d fro h group consisting of lk l prepared by dissolving the compounds to be tested in at having 1 t 6 carbon t m and th group R CH Suitable solvent, usually acetone, and then diluting with in which R is selected from the group consisting of alkenyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and alkynyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and alkenyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

2. The method of claim 1 in which R is alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, X is oxygen and R is hydrogen.

3. The method of claim 1 in which R is the group R CH in which R is alkenyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, X is oxygen and R is hydrogen.

4. The method of claim 1 in which R is the group R --CH in which R is alkynyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, X is oxygen and R is hydrogen.

5.' The method of claim 2 in which R is ethyl, R is methyl.

6. The method of claim 2 in which R is ethyl, R is ethyl.

7. The method of claim 2 in which R is ethyl and R is isopropyl.

8. The method of claim 2 in which R is ethyl and R is n-propyl.

9. The method of claim 3 in which R is ethyl and R is allyl.

10. The method of claim 4 in which R is ethyl and R is propargyl.

11. The method of controlling insects comprising applying to the habitat thereof an insecticidally effective amount of a compound of the formula =NHR in which R is alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and the group R CH in which R is selected from the group consisting of al- 8 kenyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and alkynyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, X is selected from the group consisting of oxygen and sulfur and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and alkenyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

12. The method of claim 11 in which R is alkyl having I to 6 carbon atoms, X is oxygen and R is hydrogen.

13. The method of claim 11 in which R is the group R CH in which R is alkenyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, X is oxygen and R is hydrogen.

14. The method of claim 11 in which R is the .group R -CH in which R is alkenyl having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, X is oxygen and R is hydrogen.

15. The method of claim 12 in which R is ethyl and R methyl.

16. The method of claim 12 in which R is ethyl and R is ethyl.

17. The method of claim 12 in which R is ethyl and R is isopropyl.

18. The method of claim 12 in Which R is ethyl and R is n-propyl.

19. The method of claim 13 in which R is ethyl and R is allyl.

20. The method of claim 14 in which R is ethyl and R is propargyl.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,309,266 3/1967 Magee 260-959 X ALBERT T. MEYERS, Primary Examiner L. SCHENKMAN, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 42422O 222g? UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE {CERTIFICATE Cl CCRRECTTQN Patent No. 3 ,636,206 Dated January 18 1972 Inv n Edmund J. Gaughan It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 1, line 50, Formula No. (1) should read:

R\fi I? i R --O R 0 Column 1, line 66, "precipiate" should read ---Precipitate--- Column 4, Table I, Compound No. 9, "CH CHCH CH should read ---CH =CHCH CH Column 4, Table I, Compound No. 10, "CH CH=CH= =CH should read--- CH3 CH=CHECH2 Column 4, Table I, Compound No. ll, "CH C-CH CH should read ---CH"= C-CH CH Column 4, Table 1, Compound No. 12, "CH C-CH should read CHEC-CH2 Column 5, line 58, "which had been sprayed" should read ---which had not been sprayed-- Column 6, line 72 "R is alkyl" should read ---R is an alkyl--- Column 7, Claim ll, the Formula should read:

Column 8, Claim 15, line 15, "R methyl." should read ---R is methyl.---

-NHR

Signed and sealed this 26th day of September 1972.

(SEAL) Attest:

EDWARD TMFLETCHER ZJ'R. ROBERT GOTTSCHALK Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

